商用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)爐(lu)(lu)做為新一代的烹飪(ren)工具，分為多(duo)種類(lei)型的產品，包括商用(yong)大炒(chao)爐(lu)(lu)、酒店小炒(chao)爐(lu)(lu)、大功(gong)率(lv)煲湯爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)煮面(mian)爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)煲仔爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)腸粉爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)蒸(zheng)包爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)煎扒爐(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)油炸爐(lu)(lu)等廚房設備。為大家(jia)介紹六種調試商用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)爐(lu)(lu)功(gong)率(lv)的方(fang)法，一起來(lai)了解一下吧。

一、 變壓器初級抽頭(tou)切換(huan)、調(diao)頻、調(diao)壓法

通過(guo)切換商用(yong)電(dian)磁爐變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)初(chu)級抽頭獲(huo)得(de)大、中(zhong)、小(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)。由于使用(yong)了(le)脈沖(chong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)輸(shu)(shu)出變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器，功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)輸(shu)(shu)出級與負(fu)載匹配良好。功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)級可以在良好狀(zhuang)態(tai)下工作(zuo)。大、中(zhong)、小(xiao)檔位采用(yong)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)跟蹤法(fa)，功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)管在零(ling)(ling)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)關和零(ling)(ling)電(dian)流開(kai)關狀(zhuang)態(tai)。在小(xiao)檔到中(zhong)檔、中(zhong)檔到大檔的(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)調(diao)節范圍內，通過(guo)微(wei)調(diao)激勵脈沖(chong)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)來連續調(diao)節功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)。此時功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)管工作(zuo)在零(ling)(ling)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)關，零(ling)(ling)電(dian)流導通，接近零(ling)(ling)電(dian)流關斷狀(zhuang)態(tai)。在小(xiao)檔位到零(ling)(ling)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)范圍內，采用(yong)調(diao)頻(pin)方式(shi)會破壞功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)管的(de)零(ling)(ling)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)關狀(zhuang)態(tai)。

　　這種功率(lv)調節方(fang)法(fa)相(xiang)對復(fu)雜且成(cheng)本高。其(qi)突出(chu)優點是功率(lv)調節范圍寬，功率(lv)輸(shu)出(chu)級與負載匹配性好，商用電磁爐在(zai)8kW功率(lv)下(xia)散(san)熱器溫(wen)升(sheng)小(xiao)于6(測試于25)。

二、調頻方法

這種(zhong)方法(fa)的優(you)點是(shi)電路簡單，但商(shang)用電磁爐輸出功(gong)率(lv)大(da)時(shi)，電流相位滯后于(yu)電壓相位，大(da)電流狀態(tai)下關(guan)斷時(shi)，功(gong)率(lv)管消耗(hao)很大(da)。因此即(ji)使(shi)散(san)熱器上(shang)的溫升(sheng)沒有顯著(zhu)增加，芯(xin)片也可能過熱并損(sun)壞ICBT電源模塊。因此在8kW以上(shang)的功(gong)率(lv)時(shi)不宜采(cai)用該方法(fa)調功(gong)。

三、 改變整流(liu)電壓法

將三相整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)改為(wei)可(ke)控整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)，通過控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)0~10V的(de)可(ke)控整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)改變(bian)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)后的(de)DC輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)來改變(bian)商用電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)爐(lu)的(de)輸出(chu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)，在額(e)定輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下，整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)完(wan)全(quan)導通，獲得額(e)定大功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)，在非額(e)定大功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)下，由于整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)后的(de)輸出(chu)DC電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降低，功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)與電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)呈平方關系下降。這(zhe)種功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)調節方式(shi)的(de)優點(dian)(dian)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)路簡單，功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)調節連續。頻率(lv)(lv)跟(gen)蹤可(ke)以在整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)調節范圍內實現。這(zhe)種電(dian)(dian)路的(de)缺點(dian)(dian)是(shi)可(ke)控整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)沒有完(wan)全(quan)導通，存在斬波間隙，對電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)指(zhi)標影響(xiang)很大。為(wei)了(le)通過電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)指(zhi)標，對電(dian)(dian)源濾波器和整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)濾波電(dian)(dian)路的(de)要求較高，而且這(zhe)部分的(de)元器件數量比(bi)較多，增加了(le)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機的(de)尺寸和成本。

四、 移相調脈寬法

如果變壓(ya)(ya)器沒有(you)抽頭，則(ze)它僅用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)將感應線圈與主電(dian)(dian)源隔離并匹配負載。作用(yong)(yong)(yong)T1和(he)(he)T2為左橋(qiao)臂，T3和(he)(he)T4為右橋(qiao)臂。T1和(he)(he)T2的(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵脈沖(chong)被(bei)(bei)反(fan)轉，并且(qie)具有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)死(si)區(qu)時(shi)間來確保T1和(he)(he)T2不產生(sheng)公共導通。類(lei)似T3和(he)(he)T4的(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵脈沖(chong)被(bei)(bei)反(fan)轉并且(qie)具有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)死(si)區(qu)時(shi)間。當左右橋(qiao)臂的(de)(de)(de)激(ji)勵脈沖(chong)相位差從180變為0時(shi)，商(shang)(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)磁爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)從大值(zhi)到小值(zhi)連(lian)續(xu)平滑變化，半橋(qiao)臂的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)管實現零電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)切換(huan)。此外橋(qiao)臂另一半的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)管實現零電(dian)(dian)流開關(guan)。實際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)移相脈寬調制(zhi)法(fa)時(shi)，由于(yu)省略(lve)了(le)補(bu)償電(dian)(dian)感，商(shang)(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)磁爐(lu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)小時(shi)橋(qiao)臂前的(de)(de)(de)零電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)開關(guan)會錯位，所以功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)低(di)時(shi)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)間隙加熱法(fa)調節功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。

移(yi)相脈寬調(diao)制法(fa)的(de)缺點是IGBT管中有大電流(liu)通過續流(liu)二極(ji)管，功率管的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態不如上述變壓器(qi)抽頭法(fa)。它的(de)優(you)點是可以連續調(diao)節功率，省去了三個(ge)交流(liu)接觸器(qi)。

五、 脈沖功率(lv)輸出變壓(ya)器初級抽(chou)頭切換法

控制(zhi)電路可(ke)以(yi)分別接通(tong)三(san)(san)個交流接觸(chu)器(qi)的常(chang)開觸(chu)點J1-1、J2-1，接通(tong)脈(mo)沖(chong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率輸出(chu)變壓器(qi)的一次抽頭(tou)，分別獲得(de)大、中、小、三(san)(san)檔的功(gong)(gong)(gong)率。由于接觸(chu)器(qi)的存(cun)在，這種功(gong)(gong)(gong)率調節方(fang)式的機芯(xin)體(ti)積龐大。小心打開和關(guan)閉接觸(chu)器(qi)時，需(xu)要首先關(guan)閉激勵脈(mo)沖(chong)，以(yi)便(bian)在功(gong)(gong)(gong)率輸出(chu)級沒有電流時可(ke)以(yi)切換。

六、 間隙加熱法

向(xiang)間(jian)隙施加(jia)激勵脈沖(chong)，使(shi)(shi)商(shang)用電(dian)磁爐間(jian)歇加(jia)熱，控(kong)制間(jian)歇加(jia)熱時(shi)(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔，調節(jie)電(dian)磁爐功(gong)率。電(dian)路簡單，但通斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)有電(dian)磁噪聲，對電(dian)源有電(dian)流沖(chong)擊。使(shi)(shi)用這(zhe)種(zhong)功(gong)率調節(jie)方法時(shi)(shi)，要注意電(dian)流為零時(shi)(shi)激勵脈沖(chong)的關斷(duan)，否(fou)則關斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)鍋底的電(dian)磁噪聲會比較(jiao)大。

以上就是六種調試商用電磁(ci)爐功率的(de)方法,該設備適用于餐飲行(xing)業(ye)、廠礦院校、機關團體、軍警(jing)部隊等企事業(ye)單位(wei)的(de)廚房。

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